直接引语和间接引语有什么区别?
John said, "I'm going to London with my father."
约翰说:"我要和父亲到伦敦去。"(引号内是直接引语)
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语)
由直接引语变为间接引语,分以下情况:
1. 直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
(1) 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven't you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
(2) 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语(don't 变为not ).
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don't leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
(1) 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述。例如:
He said, "Let's go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5.如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:
(1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时
(2) 现在进行时变为过去进行时
(3) 一般将来时变为过去将来时
(4) 现在完成时变为过去完成时
(5) 一般过去时变为过去完成时
(6) 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时
[注意]
(1) 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(2) 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如:
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
He said, "I'm a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变。如:
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时,这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如:
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化,变化方法见下表。
指示代词
this……these
these……those
表示时间的词
now……then
today……that day
this week(month ,etc)……that week (month ,etc)
yesterday……the day before
last week(month ,etc)……the week(month ,etc) before
three days (a year ,etc) ago……three days (a year. etc) before
tomorrow……the next (following ) day
next week (month ,etc)……the next (following ) week (month ,etc)
表地点的词
here……there
动词
bring……take
come……go
...的区别.在英语的语法上,用直接引语和间接引语怎样转述别人的话...
接引语间接引语的区别 直接引语:直接引述别人的话(句子中有“”)。 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,叫“间接引语”(句子中一般无“”) 二.直接引语变间接引语 A.一般不表示请求或祈使的句子改为一个宾语从句 1.连词 若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句,那么改为间接时,要用连词that(可以省...
间接引语和直接引语有什么不同?
一、直接引语 直接引用别人原句,两边用引号“ ”标出,叫做直接引语。例句:他们说:“皇帝死后将成为神。”二、间接引语 用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号的叫做间接引语。例句:他们说,那个皇帝死后将成为神。
怎样判断直接引语、间接引语?
1、直接引语是直接引用别人的话,而间接引语则是转达别人说的话,因此,直接引语改为间接引语时,说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”。如:张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。”改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。2、当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。如:姐姐对我说:“...
间接引语和直接引语有什么不同?
直接引语和间接引语是两种不同的引述方式,它们在使用上有一些区别。直接引语是指直接将别人的话原封不动地引用出来,而间接引语则是将别人的话转述成自己的话。下面将详细介绍这两种引语的区别及用法。一、直接引语和间接引语的区别及用法意思 1. 直接引语:直接引用别人的原话。2. 间接引语:将别人的...
什么是直接引语,什么是间接引语?举例说明
引用别人的话有两种方式,一种是直接引用别人原句,这叫直接引语;另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话,且不能用引号,这是间接引语。如小明说:“我是一个学生”。以直接引语表达则可以为“小明他说‘我是一个学生’”。以间接引语表达则可以为“小明说他是一个学生”。
间接引语是什么意思
接引语就是转述别人的话或者要表达的意思。一、直接引语与间接引语:1、直接引语。直接引语是直接引用别人所说的话,用引号表示出来。直接引用别人的原话时,不作任何改动。2、间接引语。间接引语是转述别人的话,多以宾语从句的形式表现出来,个别句子种类以动词不定式表示出来。二、直接引语与间接引语的...
间接引用和直接引用有什么区别
间接引语和直接引语的区别是:一、定义不同;二、转换人称不同;三、句式结构不同。引用别人的话有两种方式,一种是直接引用别人原句,这叫直接引语;另一种是用自己的话来转述别人话,且不能用引号,这是间接引语。一、定义不同 1.引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号...
间接引用和直接引用有什么区别?
一、指代不同 1、间接引用:不说明引文出处,而将其编织在自已的话语中,或是引用原句,或是只引大意。2、直接引用:直接引用原文,并加上引号,或者是只引用原文大意,不加引号,但是都注明原文的出处。二、特点不同 1、间接引用:引用者对所引用的语句加以评判,持否定的态度,即所使用的意思与原来...
直接引语和间接引语有什么不同呢?
直接引语是直接引述别人的原话,原话用有引号,而间接引语是引述别人的话,不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语改为间接引语时,引述动词是现在时,则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变。直接引语 直接引语转换成间接引语时的变化应视实际情况而定。假如就在当天转述,today,...
直接引语和间接引语有什么区别呢?
“直接引语”是指在文中直接引用别人的原话。而“间接引语”是用自己的话转述别人的意思,或引用自己说过的话。在语文写作中,我们经常会遇到将直接引语与间接引语进行转换的情况。二、直接引语怎样转换为间接引语。直接引语转换为间接引语时,不管提示语在哪里(前、后、中),都应该将提示语写道前面来。